Kazhinji, kune nzira mbiri dzekuchengetedza:
1. Nzira dzepanyama dzinosanganisira: kuchengetedza tembiricha yakaderera, kuchengetedza mhepo inodzorwa, kuchengetedza decompression, kuchengetedza electromagnetic radiation, nezvimwewo. Pakati padzo, matekinoroji epamusoro ekuchengetedza fresh anosanganisira kuchengetedza fresh-keeping yakakosha ine tembiricha yakaderera uye ine hunyoro hwakawanda, kuchengetedza fresh-keeping yemvura yakagadziriswa pakati pemasero, kuchengetedza fresh-keeping yemhepo inotonhorera yakagadziriswa ozone, nezvimwewo. Kunyangwe matekinoroji aya ekuchengetedza fresh-keeping achishandiswa zvakanyanya, anoda michina yakakosha, mashandiro akaomarara, mitengo yakakwira, uye yakakura. Pane zvimwe zvinonetsa pakushandisa.
2. Nzira dzemakemikari dzinowanzo sanganisira zvinhu zvinochengetedza mvura. Zvinhu zvinochengetedza mvura zvakajairika zvinosanganisira: kupendwa, zvinhu zvinobvisa ethylene (zvinonyudza mvura), zvinodzivirira utachiona zvinouraya utachiona, nezvimwewo. Kana zvichishandiswa pakuchengetedza mvura yakachena pamba, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa zvinhu zvinochengetedza mishonga zvishoma. Kazhinji, nzira dzepanyama dzinoshandiswa, dzakadai sekuchengetera mvura patembiricha yakaderera (firiji), pasi pevhu, kuvhara utsi kana kuisa mumvura (tembiricha yakaderera uye hunyoro hwakawanda), uye zvinowanzoda rubatsiro rwenzvimbo inotonhorera inochengetedza mvura patembiricha itsva.
Panyaya yekupatsanura, kune nzira gumi dzakatarwa (muzviitiko zvakawanda, kutora chikamu mukuchengetedza zvinhu zvinotonhora zvinochengetwa patsva kunodiwa):
1. Kuchengetedzwa kwemafirimu matsva:
Iyi ipurasitiki inogadzirwa kamwe chete inogadzirwa neJapan. Yakagadzirwa nemafirimu maviri enylon anopenya ane mvura yakasimba, uye paste yechisikigo uye pressure yakakwira ye osmotic inoiswa pakati pemafirimu. Sirapu yeshuga yakakuyiwa yepamusoro inogona kunwisa mvura inobuda kubva pamusoro pemiriwo, michero nenyama, kuitira kuti igare yakachena.
2. Kuchengetedza microwave
Iyi inzira yekuchengetedza michero, miriwo nehove pakupisa kushoma nekambani iri muNetherlands. Inoshandisa ma microwave kuti izvipise kusvika 72°C munguva pfupi (120s), uye yozoisa chikafu chakagadziriswa pamusika pa0-4°C, uye inogona kuchengetwa kwemazuva 42-45 isina kuora. Yakakodzera kupihwa "miriwo nemichero yemwaka" munguva yekushaikwa kwemichero, uye inodiwa nevanhu.
3. Zvinochengetedza miriwo nemichero zvinodyiwa:
Iyi imishonga inodyiwa yemuriwo nemichero yakagadzirwa nesangano rezvekudya rekuBritain. I "translucent emulsion" yakagadzirwa ne sucrose, starch, fatty acid uye polyester. Inogona kupfapfaidzwa, kukweshwa, uye kunyikwa muwatermelon, tomato, bell pepper, eggplant, cucumber, apuro, nezvimwewo. Nguva yekutsva kwemabhanana nedzimwe nzvimbo inogona kusvika mazuva mazana maviri kana kupfuura. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti iyi mishonga inoumba "sealing film" pamusoro pemichero nemiriwo, iyo inodzivirira zvachose okisijeni kupinda mukati memichero nemiriwo, nokudaro ichizadzisa chinangwa chekurebesa maitiro ekuibva kwemichero nemiriwo uye kuwedzera simba rekuchengetedza.
4. Bhokisi rekuchengetedza zvinhu zvitsva
Iyi imhando itsva yebhokisi rakagadzirwa neJapan Food Distribution System Association. Vaongorori vakashandisa "Ristobalite" (rudzi rwesilicate) sechinhu chinowedzera kupurwa. Nekuti rudzi urwu rweupfu hwematombo rune simba rakanaka rekunyungudutsa magasi akasiyana-siyana, uye huremu hwemiriwo mitsva nemichero hahuzoderedzi, saka vatengesi vanofarira kuishandisa, uye yakasiyana neyakachengetedzwa kure uye kutakurwa.
5. Nzira yekuchengetedza musanganiswa weHydrocarbon:
Iyi i "mushonga wekuchengetedza unodyiwa wechisikigo" wakagadzirwa neBritish Sempei Biotechnology Company iyo inogona kuwedzera kaviri hupenyu hwemadomasi, mhiripiri, mapeya, mazambiringa nemimwe michero nemiriwo. Inoshandisa musanganiswa wakaoma wehydrocarbons. Kana ichishandiswa, inonyungudutswa mumvura kuti iite solution state, uye miriwo nemichero zvinochengetwa zvitsva zvinonyikwa mumushonga, kuitira kuti pamusoro pemiriwo nemichero pave nejira remvura. Izvi zvinoderedza zvakanyanya huwandu hweoxygen inotorwa, zvekuti kabhoni dhayokisaidhi yese inogadzirwa nemichero nemiriwo ichaburitswa. Nokudaro, simba remushonga wekuchengetedza uye tembiricha yakaderera yekuchengetera fresh-keeping cold storage zvakafanana chaizvo ne "anesthetics" inoiswa pamichero nemiriwo, zvichiita kuti zvive zvisina kurara.
6. Mabhegi epurasitiki anochengetedza zvinhu zvitsva:
Iri ibhegi remuriwo nemichero rinochengetedza michero mitsva rine infrared effect yakagadzirwa nekambani yekuJapan. Rinonyanya kuputirwa nejira rakatetepa receramic mukati mebhegi, uye mwaranzi ye infrared inoburitswa neceramic inogona kuburitsa hunyoro mumichero nemiriwo. Kufamba kwakasimba kwe "resonance" kunokurudzira kuchengetedzwa kwemichero nemiriwo.
7. Nzira Yekuchengetedza Tekinoroji Yemagetsi:
Izvi zvinoitwa nekushandisa maion eoxygen neozone anogadzirwa ne high-voltage negative electrostatic field. Maion eoxygen negative anogona kusunungura ma enzymes e metabolic emichero nemiriwo, nokudaro zvichideredza simba rekufema kwemichero nemiriwo uye zvichideredza kugadzirwa kwe ethylene semushonga wekuibva kwemichero. Ozone i oxidant yakasimba uye mushonga wakanaka wekuuraya utachiona nebhakitiriya, iyo isingangouraye nekubvisa tupukanana netuchetura tunobuda pamichero nemiriwo chete, asiwo inodzivirira nekunonotsa hydrolysis yezvinhu zvipenyu mumichero nemiriwo, nokudaro zvichiwedzera nguva yekuchengetwa kwemichero nemiriwo.
8. Nzira yekuchengetedza decompression:
Iyi inzira itsva yekuchengetedza michero nemiriwo, ine simba rakanaka rekuchengetedza michero mitsva, uye ine zvakanakira zvekutarisira zviri nyore, kushanda kuri nyore, uye mutengo wakaderera. Dzimwe nyika dzakadai seUnited Kingdom, United States, Germany, neFrance dzakagadzira magaba ane simba shoma ane zvinodiwa zvakajairwa. , yave ichishandiswa zvakanyanya mukutakura michero nemiriwo kure.
9. Kuchengetedza kumanikidzwa:
Yakagadzirwa zvinobudirira neFood Science Institute yeKyoto University muJapan. Inoshandisa simba rekudya kugadzira chikafu. Muriwo unogona kuchengetwa wakatsva kwenguva yakareba uye wakatsva mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Zvisinei, acid haigone kushanda kana yakamanikidzwa, saka zvakanaka kuidya. Kana zvasvika padanho rakanaka, zvakanaka kuchengetedza magaka nemichero.
10. Nzira yekuchengetedza tupukanana:
Ethylene ine simba rekusimudzira kukwegura nekuibva kwemichero nemiriwo, saka kuti michero nemiriwo zvirambe zviri zvitsva, ethylene inofanira kubviswa. Mushure mekuongororwa nekutsvagisa, masayendisiti akawana "NH-9 strain" inogona kugadzira "ethylene remover NH-T" zvinhu zvinobvisa ethylene, izvo zvinogona kudzivirira kusviba, kusunungura, uye kurasikirwa nezviyo panguva yekuchengetwa kwemazambiringa. Madomasi nemhiripiri zvinogona kudzivirira kurasikirwa nemvura, kuchinja ruvara uye kupfava, uye zvine mhedzisiro yakajeka yekuchengetedza kutsva.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-26-2022