Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuchengetedza chando, uye dzinotevera ndidzo dzinowanzoshandiswa:
1. Kuisa firiji yemvura inopfungaira
2. Kuwedzera gasi uye kutonhora
3. Kutonhodza chubhu yeVortex
4. Kutonhodza kweThermoelectric
Pakati pazvo, kutonhora kwemvura inopfungaira ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa. Inoshandisa simba rekupisa rinotorwa kubva mukupiswa kwemvura kuti iite firiji. Kudzvanywa kwemhepo inopfungaira, kunyudzwa kwemvura, kuisirwa kwemvura inopfungaira uye kutonhora kwemvura inopfungaira zvese izvi zvinotonhodza mvura inopfungaira.
Kutonhodza kwekumanikidzwa kwemhepo kunoshandiswa mufiriji yekuchinja kwechikamu, iyo inoshandisa mhedzisiro yekunyudza kupisa kana firiji ikachinja kubva mumvura kuenda kugasi kuti iwane simba rinotonhora. Inoumbwa nezvikamu zvina: compressor, condenser, throttling mechanism uye evaporator. Zvinobatanidzwa nemapaipi kuti zvigadzire system yakavharwa.
Zvikamu zvikuru zvefiriji nezvimwe zvinhu
1.Compressor
Macompressor akakamurwa kuita zvivako zvitatu: mhando yakavhurika, mhando yakavhurika zvishoma, uye mhando yakavharwa. Basa recompressor nderekusveta firiji inodziya zvishoma kubva kudivi re evaporator, uye kuidzvanya kuita utsi hwe refrigerant inodziya zvakanyanya uye inodziya zvakanyanya woitumira ku condenser.
2.Chinotonhodza
Kondensara mudziyo wekuchinjana kupisa unotamisa kugona kwemuchina wekutonhodza mufiriji pamwe chete nebasa rekuratidza kudzvanywa kwecompressor kuenda kunzvimbo inotonhodza (mvura inotonhodza kana mhepo). Zvichienderana nenzira yekutonhodza, kondensara inogona kukamurwa kuita inotonhodzwa nemhepo, inotonhodzwa nemvura uye inopwanyika. Kondensara mudziyo wekuchinjana kupisa unotamisa kugona kwemuchina wekutonhodza mufiriji pamwe chete nebasa rekuratidza kudzvanywa kwecompressor kuenda kunzvimbo inotonhodza (mvura inotonhodza kana mhepo). Zvichienderana nenzira yekutonhodza, kondensara inogona kukamurwa kuita inotonhodzwa nemhepo, inotonhodzwa nemvura uye inopwanyika.
3. Muchina wekupwanya mvura
Evaporator zvinoreva kuti mvura inotonhorera inofashaira uye inotora kupisa kwechinhu chinotonhorera (mhepo kana mvura) patembiricha yakaderera kuti iite basa rekutonhodza.
4. Vharuvhu yeSolenoid
Vharuvhu yeSolenoid rudzi rwevharuvhu inovhurwa yega ichidzorwa nemagetsi. Inowanzoiswa papombi yesystem kuti ibate uye ibvise otomatiki actuator ye regulator ine nzvimbo mbiri yepombi ye refrigeration system. Vharuvhu yesolenoid inowanzoiswa pakati pevharuvhu ye expansion ne condenser. Nzvimbo yacho inofanira kunge iri pedyo nevharuvhu yekutambanudza, nekuti vharuvhu yekutambanudza ingori chinhu chinongovhara uye hachigone kuvharwa chega, saka vharuvhu ye solenoid inofanira kushandiswa kudimbura pombi yemvura.
5.Vharuvhu yekuwedzera kwemafuta
Midziyo yekufiriji inowanzoshandisa mavharuvhu ekuwedzera kupisa kugadzirisa kuyerera kwemuchina wekufiriji. Haisi vharuvhu inotonga chete iyo inodzora kupihwa kwemvura mumudziyo wekufiriji, asiwo vharuvhu yethrottle yemudziyo wekufiriji. Vharuvhu yekuwedzera kupisa inoshandisa shanduko mukupisa kwakanyanya kwemuchina wekufiriji panzvimbo yekubuda kwemuchina wekufiriji kugadzirisa kupihwa kwemvura. Vharuvhu yekuwedzera kupisa yakabatana nepaipi yekupinda mvura yemuchina wekufiriji, uye bharubhu rinoona tembiricha rinoiswa papombi yekubudisa mvura yemuchina wekufiriji. Inowanzo kamurwa kuita zvivakwa zvakasiyana zvichienderana nechimiro chevharuvhu yekuwedzera kupisa:
(1) Vharuvhu yekuwedzera kupisa yakaenzana mukati;
(2) Vharuvhu yekuwedzera kupisa yakaenzana nekunze.
Vharuvhu yekuwedzera kupisa yakaenzana mukati: Inoumbwa nebharubhu rinoona tembiricha, chubhu ye capillary, chigaro chevharuvhu, diaphragm, ejector rod, tsono yevharuvhu uye nzira yekugadzirisa. Vharuvhu yekuwedzera kupisa yakaenzana mukati memukati inowanzo shandiswa muma evaporator madiki.
Vharuvhu yekuwedzera kupisa yakaenzana nekunze: Vharuvhu yekuwedzera kupisa yakaenzana nekunze. Kune vanobvisa mvura vane mapaipi marefu kana kuti vanopikisa zvakanyanya, mavharuvhu ekuwedzera kupisa akaenzana nekunze anowanzo shandiswa. Kune vanobvisa mvura vane saizi imwe chete, vharuvhu yekuwedzera yakaenzana nemukati inogona kushandiswa kana ichishandiswa munzvimbo inochengeterwa tembiricha yepamusoro, nepo vharuvhu yekuwedzera yakaenzana nekunze inogona kushandiswa kana ichishandiswa munzvimbo inochengeterwa tembiricha yakaderera. Kune vanobvisa mvura vane saizi imwe chete, vharuvhu yekuwedzera yakaenzana nemukati inogona kushandiswa kana ichishandiswa munzvimbo inochengeterwa tembiricha yepamusoro, nepo vharuvhu yekuwedzera yakaenzana nekunze inogona kushandiswa kana ichishandiswa munzvimbo inochengeterwa tembiricha yakaderera.
6. Musiyanisi wemafuta
Chinoparadzanisa mafuta chinowanzoiswa pakati pecompressor necondenser kuti chiparadzanise mafuta emuchina wekufiriji akaiswa mumhepo inotonhorera. Mudziyo wekudzosera mafuta unoshandiswa kudzorera mafuta emuchina wekufiriji kucrankcase yecompressor; chimiro chinowanzoshandiswa cheoiri yekuparadzanisa mafuta chine mhando mbiri: rudzi rwecentrifugal nerudzi rwefirita.
7. Chinoparadzanisa gasi nemvura
Bvisa firiji ine gasi kubva mufiriji yemvura kudzivirira compressor kubva munyundo yemvura; chengeta mvura yefiriji mufiriji, uye gadzirisa mvura inoenderana nekuchinja kwemutoro.
8. Dziva remvura
Nekuisa accumulator, kugona kwekuchengetedza mvura kwe accumulator kunogona kushandiswa kudzikamisa kutenderera kwe refrigerant mu system, kuitira kuti mudziyo wekufirijisa ushande zvakanaka. Accumulator inowanzoiswa pakati pe condenser ne throttling element. Kuti refrigerant yemvura iri mu condenser ipinde zvakanaka mu accumulator, nzvimbo ye accumulator inofanira kunge yakaderera pane condenser.
9. Muchina wekuomesa
Kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti refrigerant inotenderera zvakanaka, sisitimu yekutonhodza inofanira kuchengetwa yakachena uye yakaoma. Firiji yekuomesa inowanzoiswa chinhu chisati chapinda mu throttling element. Kana firiji yemvura ikapfuura nepa filter dryer kekutanga, inogona kudzivirira kuvharika kwechinhu chinopinda mu throttling element.
10. Girazi rekuona
Inonyanya kushandiswa kuratidza mamiriro emuchina wekuisa mufiriji uri mupombi yemvura yemudziyo wekuisa mufiriji uye huwandu hwemvura mufiriji. Kazhinji, mavara akasiyana anonyorwa pabhokisi regirazi rekuona kuratidza huwandu hwemvura mufiriji iri musystem.
11. Kutumira magetsi epamusoro neakaderera
Kana kumanikidzwa kwekuburitsa compressor kwakanyanya, kunodzima otomatiki, kumisa compressor uye kubvisa chikonzero chekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, uye wozotangazve nemaoko kuti utange compressor (chikanganiso + alarm); kana kumanikidzwa kwekusvuta kwadzikira kusvika pamuganhu wakaderera, kunodzima otomatiki. Mira compressor, uye simba zvakare compressor kana kumanikidzwa kwekusvuta kwakwira kusvika pamuganhu wepamusoro.
12. Differential oil pressure relay
Chishandiso chemagetsi chinoshandisa musiyano wekumanikidzwa pakati pekusveta nekuburitsa pombi yemafuta ekuzora sechiratidzo chekudzora, kana musiyano wekumanikidzwa uri pasi pehuwandu hwakatarwa, chinomisa compressor kuti iidzivirire.
13. Kutumira tembiricha
Shandisa tembiricha sechiratidzo chekudzora tembiricha yekuchengetera zvinhu zvinotonhora. Kutanga nekumira kwecompressor kunogona kudzorwa zvakananga nekudzora kubatidzwa nekubviswa kwevharuvhu yesolenoid yemvura; kana muchina mumwe uine mabhangi akawanda, tembiricha dzinodzorwa dzebhangi rega rega dzinogona kubatanidzwa pamwe chete kudzora kutanga nekumira kwecompressor otomatiki.
14. Chinotonhodza
Mafiriji, anozivikanwawo semafiriji uye mafiriji, zvinhu zvinoshandiswa mumagetsi akasiyana-siyana anoshandiswa muinjini dzinopisa kuti dzipedzise kushandurwa kwesimba. Zvinhu izvi zvinowanzoshandisa shanduko dzechikamu chinodzoserwa (senge gas-liquid phase transitions) kuwedzera simba.
15. Oiri yemufiriji
Basa remafuta emuchina wekuisira mufiriji nderekudira mafuta, kuvharira, kutonhodza uye kusefa. Mumacompressor emasilinda akawanda, mafuta ekuisira mafuta anogona kushandiswawo kudzora mashandiro ekuburutsa mafuta.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-15-2021